{"id":443190,"date":"2023-12-15T16:17:36","date_gmt":"2023-12-15T15:17:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/earthavocats.com\/?p=443190"},"modified":"2023-12-15T16:17:36","modified_gmt":"2023-12-15T15:17:36","slug":"dommages-interets-reparation-integrale-construction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/earthavocats.com\/en\/2023\/12\/15\/dommages-interets-reparation-integrale-construction\/","title":{"rendered":"Dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats allou\u00e9s \u00e0 la victime : il ne doit en r\u00e9sulter pour elle ni perte ni profit"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Fr<\/a>.<\/p>

Par Anne RENAUX, Avocate collaboratrice<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le 15\/12\/2023<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Par un arr\u00eat rendu en date du 28 septembre 2023, la Troisi\u00e8me Chambre civile de la Cour de cassation a retenu que les dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats allou\u00e9s \u00e0 une victime doivent r\u00e9parer le pr\u00e9judice subi, sans qu\u2019il en r\u00e9sulte pour elle ni perte ni profit (Cass. 3e<\/sup> Civ. 28 sept. 2023, n\u00b022-19.475).<\/p>\n

En l\u2019esp\u00e8ce, une SCI a r\u00e9alis\u00e9, en qualit\u00e9 de ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage, un programme de promotion immobili\u00e8re concernant la construction d\u2019un immeuble collectif de vingt et un logements.<\/p>\n

Dans le cadre de la r\u00e9alisation de cette op\u00e9ration de construction, le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage a confi\u00e9 \u00e0 un architecte la mission de ma\u00eetrise d\u2019\u0153uvre de conception, comprenant le d\u00e9p\u00f4t de la demande de permis de construire, et la r\u00e9alisation des plans d\u2019ex\u00e9cution.<\/p>\n

Cependant, le chantier a \u00e9t\u00e9 interrompu pendant pr\u00e8s de six mois, en raison de la plainte de riverains, all\u00e9guant que la hauteur de la construction mena\u00e7ait d\u2019exc\u00e9der les sp\u00e9cifications du permis, ainsi que les r\u00e8gles du plan local d\u2019urbanisme.<\/p>\n

Dans ces conditions, une demande de permis de construire modificatif a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pos\u00e9e, afin de r\u00e9duire la hauteur des fa\u00eetages. Malgr\u00e9 son obtention, le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage a assign\u00e9 le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre en r\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 expertise, et sollicit\u00e9 l\u2019indemnisation de ses pr\u00e9judices financiers, \u00e9tant pr\u00e9cis\u00e9 que ce dernier a formul\u00e9, \u00e0 titre reconventionnel, une demande tendant au paiement du solde de ses honoraires, soit la somme de 18.000 euros TTC.<\/p>\n

Par jugement contradictoire de premi\u00e8re instance, le Tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre enti\u00e8rement responsable du pr\u00e9judice subi par le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage, du fait de l\u2019erreur de conception affectant les plans de l\u2019immeuble, et l\u2019a condamn\u00e9 au paiement de la somme de 246.708 euros \u00e0 titre de provision \u00e0 valoir sur la r\u00e9paration de son pr\u00e9judice. De surcro\u00eet, le Tribunal a d\u00e9bout\u00e9 le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre de sa demande reconventionnelle.<\/p>\n

Partant, le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre a interjet\u00e9 appel de ce jugement.<\/p>\n

Se fondant sur les constats de l\u2019expert judiciaire, la Cour d\u2019appel a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que, de sa propre initiative, le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre avait modifi\u00e9 les plans d\u2019ex\u00e9cution par rapport \u00e0 ceux du permis de construire, afin de permettre l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux garages, cette modification \u00e9tant, pour les juges du fond, \u00e0 l\u2019origine du d\u00e9passement de la hauteur maximale du b\u00e2timent impos\u00e9e par le plan local d\u2019urbanisme. Consid\u00e9rant qu\u2019il \u00e9tait le seul responsable de l\u2019erreur d\u2019implantation, la Cour d\u2019appel a confirm\u00e9 en toutes ses dispositions le jugement entrepris, jugeant, en outre, que le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage \u00e9tait en droit d\u2019opposer l\u2019exception d\u2019inex\u00e9cution des obligations de son cocontractant.<\/p>\n

Cela \u00e9tant, le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre s\u2019est pourvu en cassation, faisant notamment grief \u00e0 l\u2019arr\u00eat rendu par la Cour d\u2019appel d\u2019avoir rejet\u00e9 sa demande en paiement du solde de ses honoraires, alors qu\u2019elle l\u2019avait condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 indemniser le pr\u00e9judice du ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage sur le fondement de la responsabilit\u00e9 contractuelle.<\/p>\n

La Troisi\u00e8me Chambre civile de la Cour de cassation n\u2019a pas suivi le raisonnement particuli\u00e8rement d\u00e9taill\u00e9 et motiv\u00e9 des juges du fond : au visa de l\u2019ancien article 1149 du Code civil (d\u00e9sormais article 1231-2), correspondant \u00e0 l\u2019un des fondements de la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice r\u00e9sultant de l\u2019inex\u00e9cution contractuelle, la Cour de cassation a rappel\u00e9 le principe de r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale du pr\u00e9judice, qui implique que le responsable du dommage doit indemniser la victime de tout le dommage, sans qu\u2019il en r\u00e9sulte pour elle ni appauvrissement, ni enrichissement.<\/p>\n

Aux termes de cet arr\u00eat, la Haute Juridiction a consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que la Cour d\u2019appel avait viol\u00e9 les dispositions et le principe susvis\u00e9s, en retenant que le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage \u00e9tait en droit d\u2019opposer l\u2019exception d\u2019inex\u00e9cution des obligations de son cocontractant pour refuser de payer le solde de ses honoraires.<\/p>\n

Aussi, la Cour de cassation a soulign\u00e9 que le ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre avait \u00e9t\u00e9 condamn\u00e9 \u00e0 indemniser le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage des cons\u00e9quences des fautes qu\u2019il avait commises, de sorte qu\u2019il avait int\u00e9gralement r\u00e9par\u00e9 le pr\u00e9judice subi par son cocontractant : selon la Haute Juridiction, la Cour d\u2019appel ne devait pas, au surplus, faire b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier le ma\u00eetre d\u2019ouvrage de l\u2019absence de paiement du solde des honoraires du ma\u00eetre d\u2019\u0153uvre.<\/p>\n

A cet \u00e9gard, il convient d\u2019observer que cet arr\u00eat est particuli\u00e8rement notable, dans la mesure o\u00f9 la Troisi\u00e8me Chambre civile de la Cour de cassation, juge du droit, a rejet\u00e9 l\u2019appr\u00e9ciation in concreto<\/em> des juges du fond, et mod\u00e9r\u00e9 la r\u00e9paration de la victime.<\/p>\n

De longue date, la r\u00e9paration du pr\u00e9judice de la victime a pour dessein de r\u00e9tablir, aussi exactement que possible, l\u2019\u00e9quilibre d\u00e9truit par le dommage en la repla\u00e7ant dans la situation o\u00f9 elle se serait trouv\u00e9e si l\u2019acte dommageable n\u2019avait pas eu lieu (Cass. 2e<\/sup> Civ. 28 oct. 1954, no<\/sup> 1767, Bull. civ. II, no<\/sup> 328). Il s\u2019en \u00e9vince que la r\u00e9paration ne peut exc\u00e9der le montant du dommage (Cass. 1re<\/sup> Civ. 25 mars 2003, n\u00b000-21.114), ni le montant du pr\u00e9judice (Cass. 1re<\/sup> Civ. 22 nov. 2007, n\u00b006-14.174).<\/p>\n

Dans cette veine, la Cour de cassation a d\u00e9gag\u00e9 le principe de r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale du pr\u00e9judice sans perte ni profit pour la victime (Cass. 2e<\/sup> Civ. 23 janv. 2003, n\u00b001-00.200 ; Cass. 2e<\/sup> Civ. 5 juill. 2001, n\u00b099-18.712), que semble d\u00e9sormais appliquer la Troisi\u00e8me Chambre civile.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sorry, this entry is only available in Fr.Par Anne RENAUX, Avocate collaboratrice Le 15\/12\/2023   Par un arr\u00eat rendu en date du 28 septembre 2023, la Troisi\u00e8me Chambre civile de la Cour de cassation a retenu que les dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats allou\u00e9s \u00e0 une victime doivent r\u00e9parer le pr\u00e9judice subi, sans qu\u2019il en r\u00e9sulte pour elle ni […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-443190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-paris"],"yoast_head":"\n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cour de cassation, dans un r\u00e9cent arr\u00eat, \u00e9tablit clairement le principe de r\u00e9paration int\u00e9grale du pr\u00e9judice sans perte ni profit\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/earthavocats.com\/2023\/12\/15\/dommages-interets-reparation-integrale-construction\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"[:fr]Dommages-int\u00e9r\u00eats allou\u00e9s \u00e0 la victime : il ne doit en r\u00e9sulter pour elle ni perte ni profit[:] - 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